A Sensitivity Matrix Approach Using Two-Stage Optimization for Voltage Regulation of LV Networks with High PV Penetration

A.S. Jameel Hassan, Umar Marikkar, G.W. Kasun Prabhath, Aranee Balachandran, W.G. Chaminda Bandara, Parakrama B. Ekanayake, Roshan I. Godaliyadda and Janaka B. Ekanayake
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A.S. Jameel Hassan: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
Umar Marikkar: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
G.W. Kasun Prabhath: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
Aranee Balachandran: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
W.G. Chaminda Bandara: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
Parakrama B. Ekanayake: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
Roshan I. Godaliyadda: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
Janaka B. Ekanayake: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 20, 1-24

Abstract: The occurrence of voltage violations is a major deterrent for absorbing more rooftop solar power into smart Low-Voltage Distribution Grids (LVDGs). Recent studies have focused on decentralized control methods to solve this problem due to the high computational time in performing load flows in centralized control techniques. To address this issue, a novel sensitivity matrix was developed to estimate the voltages of the network by replacing load flow simulations. In this paper, a Centralized Active, Reactive Power Management System (CARPMS) is proposed to optimally utilize the reactive power capability of smart Photovoltaic (PV) inverters with minimal active power curtailment to mitigate the voltage violation problem. The developed sensitivity matrix is able to reduce the time consumed by 55.1% compared to load flow simulations, enabling near-real-time control optimization. Given the large solution space of power systems, a novel two-stage optimization is proposed, where the solution space is narrowed down by a Feasible Region Search (FRS) step, followed by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The failure of standalone PSO to converge to a feasible solution for 34% of the scenarios evaluated further validates the necessity of the two-stage optimization using FRS. The performance of the proposed methodology was analysed in comparison to the load flow method to demonstrate the accuracy and the capability of the optimization algorithm to mitigate voltage violations in near-real time. The deviations of the mean voltages of the proposed methodology from the load flow method were: 6.5 × 10 − 3 p.u for reactive power control using Q-injection, 1.02 × 10 − 2 p.u for reactive power control using Q-absorption, and 0 p.u for active power curtailment case.

Keywords: smart grid; renewable energy integration; rooftop solar PV; PV inverter control; voltage violation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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