Analysis of the Possibilities of Selective Detection of a Single Line-to-Ground Fault in a Medium Voltage Network with Isolated Neutral

Dumitru Toader, Maria Vintan, Claudiu Solea, Daniela Vesa and Marian Greconici
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Dumitru Toader: Department of Fundamental Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University, 300006 Timisoara, Romania
Maria Vintan: Department of Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Lucian Blaga University, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
Claudiu Solea: Department of Fundamental Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University, 300006 Timisoara, Romania
Daniela Vesa: Department of Fundamental Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University, 300006 Timisoara, Romania
Marian Greconici: Department of Fundamental Physics for Engineers, Politehnica University, 300006 Timisoara, Romania

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 21, 1-19

Abstract: The paper analyses how the characteristics of the medium-voltage network with insulated neutral and the conditions under which the single line-to-ground fault occurs (insulation condition and value of the fault resistance) influence the zero-sequence components of the voltage of the transformer station medium-voltage bus bar, the fault current, the currents of the faulted line and the currents of the other non-faulted power lines connected to the transformer station bus bars. Assuming the waveform of the medium voltage bus voltages in the transformer station is known, the influence of the fault resistance on the total distortion coefficient of the fault current is analysed. This establishes the conditions under which a single line-to-ground fault can be detected by controlling the total distortion coefficient of the fault current and the currents of the fault-free lines. It also examines the conditions under which a single line-to-ground fault can be selectively detected by checking the effective value and direction of flow of the zero-sequence currents of the medium-voltage lines during the fault. The results obtained by the calculation were verified experimentally in the medium voltage network considered in the study. The acceptable differences, considering the degree of accuracy with which the parameters of a medium voltage network are known, between the results obtained by calculation and those obtained experimentally show that the simplifying assumptions accepted for the mathematical models used in the calculation are correct.

Keywords: power distribution systems; networks with isolated neutral; symmetrical components; single line-to-ground faults (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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