Ground Fracture Development and Surface Fracture Evolution in N00 Method Shallowly Buried Thick Coal Seam Mining in an Arid Windy and Sandy Area: A Case Study of the Ningtiaota Mine (China)

Yaokun Fu, Jianxuan Shang, Zhenqi Hu, Pengyu Li, Kun Yang, Chao Chen, Jiaxin Guo and Dongzhu Yuan
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Yaokun Fu: Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Jianxuan Shang: Shannxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group, Xi’an 710054, China
Zhenqi Hu: Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Pengyu Li: Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Kun Yang: Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Chao Chen: College of Civil Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 451191, China
Jiaxin Guo: Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Dongzhu Yuan: Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 22, 1-18

Abstract: An observatory was established at the Ningtiaota Mine (China) in order to investigate the surface deformation pattern of N00 method workings mining in shallow buried thick coal seams in a windy-sand area. The observatory allows one to measure the coupling between the periodic changes of parameters related to ground subsidence and ground cracks with workings advancement. The data monitored in the field indicate that when the adjacent mining workings are mined below the ground, a sinkhole basin with a larger impact area will be formed. New ground fractures are formed above the mining area to connect with the fractures above the mining face. As a consequence a new pattern of “O” circle distribution beyond the working face is formed, which develops rapidly during the working face recovery. In addition, the dynamic fractures in coal mining are characterized by the phenomenon of self-healing. Our findings will help to protect the surface environment of the mine area during shallow buried high-intensity mining activities in the Lime Tower coal mine, and are also an important guideline in other windy beach mining areas.

Keywords: windy sandy area; N00 method; ground deformation; ground subsidence; ground fissures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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