An Electromagnetic Design of a Fully Superconducting Generator for Wind Application

Yingzhen Liu, Francesco Grilli, Jiwei Cao, Liyi Li, Chengming Zhang, Mingyi Wang, Fengyu Xu, Jingbo Lin and Mathias Noe
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Yingzhen Liu: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Francesco Grilli: Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
Jiwei Cao: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Liyi Li: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Chengming Zhang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Mingyi Wang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Fengyu Xu: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Jingbo Lin: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Mathias Noe: Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 22, 1-16

Abstract: A fully superconducting wind generator employs superconductors in stator and rotor to enable high torque density and low weight, that is, enable an ultra-light electric machine for wind application. However, the level of the AC loss of the stator armature coils is a critical issue, which lacks investigations in the design of the fully superconducting generators. In this paper, an in-house model was developed to analyze the potential of a fully superconducting generator by integrating the electromagnetic design with the AC loss estimation. The electromagnetic model was made through analytical equations, which take into consideration the geometry, the magnetic properties of iron, and the nonlinear E –J constitutive law of superconductors. Since the permeability of iron materials and the critical current of the superconductors depend on the magnetic field, an iteration process was proposed to find their operating points for every electromagnetic design. The AC loss estimation was carried out through finite element software based on the T –A formulation of Maxwell’s equations instead of analytical equations, due to the complexity of magnetic fields, currents and rotation. The results demonstrate that the design approach is viable and efficient, and is therefore useful for the preliminary design of the generator. In addition, it is found that smaller tape width, larger distance between the superconducting coils in the same slot, smaller coil number in one slot and lower working temperature can reduce the AC loss of the stator coils, but the reduction of the AC loss needs careful design to achieve an optimum solution.

Keywords: AC loss estimation; fully superconducting generator; electromagnetic design; magnetic field calculation; operating currents; AC loss reduction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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