Elastic Reverse-Time Migration with Complex Topography

Yu Zhong, Hanming Gu, Yangting Liu and Qinghui Mao
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Yu Zhong: Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory, Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Hanming Gu: Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory, Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Yangting Liu: First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
Qinghui Mao: Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 23, 1-19

Abstract: Migration is an important step in seismic data processing for oil and gas exploration. The accuracy of migration directly affects the accuracy of subsequent oil and gas reservoir characterization. Reverse-time migration is one of the most accurate migration methods at present. Multi-wave and multicomponent seismic data contain more P- and S-wave information. Making full use of multi-wave and multicomponent seismic data can offer more information about underground structure and lithology, as well as improve the accuracy of seismic exploration. Elastic reverse-time migration (ERTM) has no dip restriction and can be applied to image multi-wave and multicomponent seismic data in complex structural areas and some special lithology structures. However, the surface topography of complex regions has an influence on wavefield and seriously degrades the quality of ERTM’s migration results. We developed a new ERTM method to migrate multi-wave and multicomponent seismic data in the region with complex surface topography. We first fill the layers between the highest and lowest undulating surface with near-surface elastic parameters in a complex topography model to obtain a new model with a horizontal surface. This allows the finite difference (FD) method based on the regular rectangular grid to be used to numerically solve elastic wave equations in the model with complex topography. The decoupled wave equations are used to generate source P- and S-waves and receiver P- and S-waves to reduce crosstalk artefacts in ERTM. A topography-related filter is further used to remove the influence of surface topography on migration results. The scalar imaging condition is also applied to generate PP and PS migration images. Some numerical examples with different complex topographies demonstrate that our proposed ERTM method can remove the influence of complex topography on ERTM’s images and effectively generate high-quality ERTM images.

Keywords: reverse-time migration; multi-wave and multicomponent; finite difference; surface topography; topography-related filter (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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