A Technical Analysis of Solid Recovered Fuel from Torrefied Jatropha Seed Residue via a Two-Stage Mechanical Screw Press and Solvent Extraction Process

Min-Hao Yuan, Chia-Chi Chang, Tsung-Chi Hsu, Je-Lueng Shie, Yi-Hung Chen, Ching-Yuan Chang, Cheng-Fang Lin, Chang-Ping Yu, Chao-Hsiung Wu, Manh Van Do, Far-Ching Lin, Duu-Jong Lee, Bo-Liang Liu, Yen-Hau Chen and Michael Huang
Additional contact information
Min-Hao Yuan: Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
Chia-Chi Chang: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Tsung-Chi Hsu: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Je-Lueng Shie: Department of Environmental Engineering, National I-Lan University, Yi-Lan 260, Taiwan
Yi-Hung Chen: Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Ching-Yuan Chang: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Cheng-Fang Lin: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Chang-Ping Yu: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Chao-Hsiung Wu: Department of Environmental Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan
Manh Van Do: Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 1000000, Vietnam
Far-Ching Lin: Department of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Duu-Jong Lee: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Bo-Liang Liu: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Yen-Hau Chen: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Michael Huang: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 23, 1-13

Abstract: This study investigated the torrefaction of de-oiled Jatropha seed residue after a two-stage sequential process consisting of mechanical screw pressing and solvent extraction using n-hexane (denoted as JMS). The optimal torrefaction temperature (T r ) and torrefaction time (t r ) were determined in the ranges of 260–300 °C and 10–60 min, respectively, so to achieve a better heating value and satisfactory energy densification (E D ) with acceptable mass loss. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed to elucidate the thermal decomposition behaviors of JMS. By comparison with the torrefaction of Jatropha seed residue after mechanical oil extraction by screw pressing only (namely, JME T ), the results indicated that the E D of the torrefaction of JMS yielding the torrefied product JMS T (two-stage product) was higher than that of the torrefaction of JME giving the torrefied product JME T (single-stage product). Further, it was found that JME T contained some tar, which was attributed to a thermal reaction in the residual oil in JME during torrefaction. The tar/oil content of JME T was about 1.0–1.8 wt.% in the determined optimal conditions. Thus, the enhanced recovery of the residual oil is advantageous not only because it allows obtaining more oil from Jatropha seed residue with a positive net energy gain but also because it prevents the formation of tar in torrefied biomass products.

Keywords: torrefaction; Jatropha curcas L.; biomass waste; solid recovered fuel; de-oil process (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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