A Review on the Production of Light Olefins Using Steam Cracking of Hydrocarbons

Zahra Gholami, Fatemeh Gholami, Zdeněk Tišler and Mohammadtaghi Vakili
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Zahra Gholami: ORLEN UniCRE a.s., Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Fatemeh Gholami: New Technologies—Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, 301 00 Plzeň, Czech Republic
Zdeněk Tišler: ORLEN UniCRE a.s., Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Mohammadtaghi Vakili: Green Intelligence Environmental School, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 23, 1-24

Abstract: Light olefins are the main building blocks used in the petrochemical and chemical industries for the production of different components such as polymers, synthetic fibers, rubbers, and plastic materials. Currently, steam cracking of hydrocarbons is the main technology for the production of light olefins. In steam cracking, the pyrolysis of feedstocks occurs in the cracking furnace, where hydrocarbon feed and steam are first mixed and preheated in the convection section and then enter the furnace radiation section to crack to the desired products. This paper summarizes olefin production via the steam cracking process; and the reaction mechanism and cracking furnace are also discussed. The effect of different operating parameters, including temperature, residence time, feedstock composition, and the steam-to-hydrocarbon ratio, are also reviewed.

Keywords: olefin production; steam cracking; cracking furnace; ethylene; propylene; butenes; reaction parameters (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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