Activities in Divertor Reflector and Linear Plates Using WCLL and HCPB Breeding Blanket Concepts

Simona Breidokaite and Gediminas Stankunas
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Simona Breidokaite: Laboratory of Nuclear Installation Safety, Lithuanian Energy Institute, Breslaujos g. 3, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania
Gediminas Stankunas: Laboratory of Nuclear Installation Safety, Lithuanian Energy Institute, Breslaujos g. 3, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 24, 1-16

Abstract: In fusion devices, such as European Demonstration Fusion Power Reactor (EU DEMO), primary neutrons can cause material activation due to the interaction between the source particles and the targeting material. Subsequently, the reactor’s inner components become activated. For safety and safe performance purposes, it is necessary to evaluate neutron-induced activities. Activities results from divertor reflector and liner plates are presented in this work. The purpose of liner shielding plates is to protect the vacuum vessel and magnet coils from neutrons. As for reflector plates, the function is to shield the cooling components under plasma-facing components from alpha particles, thermal effects, and impurities. Plates are made of Eurofer with a 3 mm layer of tungsten, while the water is used for cooling purposes. The calculations were performed using two EU DEMO MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particles) models with different breeding blanket configurations: helium-cooled pebble bed (HCPB) and water-cooled lithium lead (WCLL). The TENDL–2017 nuclear data library has been used for activation reactions cross-sections and nuclear reactions. Activation calculations were performed using the FISPACT-II code at the end of irradiation for cooling times of 0 s–1000 years. Radionuclide analysis of divertor liner and reflector plates is also presented in this paper. The main radionuclides, with at least 1% contribution to the total value of activation characteristics, were identified for the previously mentioned cooling times.

Keywords: fusion; DEMO; breeding blanket; fusion; FISPACT; activity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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