A New Impedance-Based Main and Backup Protection Scheme for Active Distribution Lines in AC Microgrids

Seyyed Mohammad Nobakhti, Abbas Ketabi and Miadreza Shafie-khah
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Seyyed Mohammad Nobakhti: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan 8731753153, Iran
Abbas Ketabi: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan 8731753153, Iran
Miadreza Shafie-khah: School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, 65200 Vaasa, Finland

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 2, 1-24

Abstract: Microgrids active characteristics such as grid-connected or islanded operation mode, the distributed generators with an intermittent nature, and bidirectional power flow in active distribution lines lead to malfunction of traditional protection schemes. In this article, an impedance-based fault detection scheme is proposed as the main protection of microgrids by applying the proposed equivalent circuits for doubly-fed lines. In this scheme, relay location data and positive sequence voltage absolute value of the other end of the line are used. It can detect even high impedance faults in grid-connected and islanded modes. It is robust against load and generation uncertainties and network reconfigurations. Low sampling rate and minimum data exchange are among the advantages of the proposed scheme. Moreover, a backup protection scheme based on the conductance variations is suggested. No requirement for the communication link is a distinguished advantage of the proposed backup protection scheme. The proposed schemes have been simulated using PSCAD and MATLAB software and the results confirmed their validity.

Keywords: backup protection; distributed generation; distribution network; fault detection; impedance-based protection; main protection; microgrid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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