Coordination of Multiple Electric Vehicle Aggregators for Peak Shaving and Valley Filling in Distribution Feeders

Saad Ullah Khan, Khawaja Khalid Mehmood, Zunaib Maqsood Haider, Muhammad Kashif Rafique, Muhammad Omer Khan and Chul-Hwan Kim
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Saad Ullah Khan: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Khawaja Khalid Mehmood: Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
Zunaib Maqsood Haider: Department of Electrical Engineering, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Muhammad Kashif Rafique: Department of Electrical Engineering, Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology, Khuzdar 89100, Pakistan
Muhammad Omer Khan: Department of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
Chul-Hwan Kim: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 2, 1-16

Abstract: In this paper, a coordination method of multiple electric vehicle (EV) aggregators has been devised to flatten the system load profile. The proposed scheme tends to reduce the peak demand by discharging EVs and fills the valley gap through EV charging in the off-peak period. Upper level fair proportional power distribution to the EV aggregators is exercised by the system operator which provides coordination among the aggregators based on their aggregated energy demand or capacity. The lower level min max objective function is implemented at each aggregator to distribute power to the EVs. Each aggregator ensures that the EV customers’ driving requirements are not relinquished in spite of their employment to support the grid. The scheme has been tested on IEEE 13-node distribution system and an actual distribution system situated in Seoul, Republic of Korea whilst utilizing actual EV mobility data. The results show that the system load profile is smoothed by the coordination of aggregators under peak shaving and valley filling goals. Also, the EVs are fully charged before departure while maintaining a minimum energy for emergency travel.

Keywords: active distribution networks; electric vehicles; peak shaving; smart grid; vehicle-to-grid (V2G); valley filling (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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