Assessment of TiO 2 Nanoconcentration and Twin Impingement Jet of Heat Transfer Enhancement—A Statistical Approach Using Response Surface Methodology

Mahir Faris Abdullah, Rozli Zulkifli, Hazim Moria, Asmaa Soheil Najm, Zambri Harun, Shahrir Abdullah, Wan Aizon Wan Ghopa and Noor Humam Sulaiman
Additional contact information
Mahir Faris Abdullah: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Rozli Zulkifli: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Hazim Moria: Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Yanbu Industrial College, Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah 41912, Saudi Arabia
Asmaa Soheil Najm: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Zambri Harun: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Shahrir Abdullah: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Wan Aizon Wan Ghopa: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
Noor Humam Sulaiman: Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 3, 1-29

Abstract: Impinging jets are considered to be a well-known technique that offers high local heat transfer rates. No correlation could be established in the literature between the significant parameters and the Nusselt number, and investigation of the interactions between the correlated factors has not been conducted before. An experimental analysis based on the twin impingement jet mechanism was achieved to study the heat transfer rate pertaining to the surface plate. In the current paper, four influential parameters were studied: the spacing between nozzles, velocity, concentration of Nano solution coating and nozzle-plate distance, which are considered to be effective parameters for the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient of TiO 2 nanoparticle, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis were done, which highlighted the structure and showed that the nanosolution coated the surface homogenously. Moreover, a comparison was done for the experimental results with that of the predicted responses generated by the Design Expert software, Version 7 User’s Guide, USA . A response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to improve a mathematical model by accounting for a D-optimal design. In addition, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed for testing the significance of the models. The maximum Nu of 91.47, where H = S = 1 cm; Reynolds number of 17,000, and TiO 2 nanoparticle concentration of 0.5% M. The highest improvement rate in Nusselt was about 26%, achieved with TiO 2 Nanoparticle, when S = 3 cm, H = 6 cm and TiO 2 nanoparticle = 0.5 M. Furthermore, based on the statistical analysis, the expected values were found to be in satisfactory agreement with that of the empirical data, which was conducted by accounting for the proposed models’ excellent predictability. Multivariate approaches are very useful for researchers, as well as for applications in industrial processes, as they lead to increased efficiency and reduced costs, so the presented results of this work could encourage the overall uses of multivariate methods in these fields. Hypotheses : A comparison was done for the predicted responses generated by the Design Expert software with the experimental results and then studied to verify the following hypotheses: ► Preparation of three concentrations of TiO 2 nanosolution was done and studied. ► The heat transfer rate could be increased by surface coating with TiO 2 nanoparticle. ► The heat transfer could be improved by the impingement jet technique with suitable adjustments.

Keywords: design of experiment (DOE); response surface methodology (RSM); heat transfer; impingement jet; TiO 2 nanoparticle; nano coating (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/595/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/3/595/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:3:p:595-:d:486599

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().