Decentralized V2G/G2V Scheduling of EV Charging Stations by Considering the Conversion Efficiency of Bidirectional Chargers

Jian-Tang Liao, Hao-Wei Huang, Hong-Tzer Yang and Desheng Li
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Jian-Tang Liao: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
Hao-Wei Huang: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
Hong-Tzer Yang: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
Desheng Li: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 4, 1-17

Abstract: With a rapid increase in the awareness of carbon reduction worldwide, the industry of electric vehicles (EVs) has started to flourish. However, the large number of EVs connected to a power grid with a large power demand and uncertainty may result in significant challenges for a power system. In this study, the optimal charging and discharging scheduling strategies of G2V/V2G and battery energy storage system (BESS) were proposed for EV charging stations. A distributed computation architecture was employed to streamline the complexity of an optimization problem. By considering EV charging/discharging conversion efficiencies for different load conditions, the proposed method was used to maximize the operational profits of each EV and BESS based on the related electricity tariff and demand response programs. Moreover, the behavior model of drivers and cost of BESS degradation caused by charging and discharging cycles were considered to improve the overall practical applicability. An EV charging station with 100 charging piles was simulated as an example to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The developed algorithms can be used for EV charging stations, load aggregators, and service companies integrated with distributed energy resources in a smart grid.

Keywords: battery degradation; charging and discharging scheduling; conversion efficiency; demand response; electric vehicle; optimization; vehicle-to-grid and grid-to-vehicle (V2G/G2V) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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