Power Line Communications for Automotive High Voltage Battery Systems: Channel Modeling and Coexistence Study with Battery Monitoring

Thomas F. Landinger, Guenter Schwarzberger, Guenter Hofer, Matthias Rose and Andreas Jossen
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Thomas F. Landinger: Institute for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany
Guenter Schwarzberger: Infineon Technologies AG, Am Campeon 1-15, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany
Guenter Hofer: Infineon Technologies Austria AG, Development Center Graz, Babenberger Str. 10, 8020 Graz, Austria
Matthias Rose: Infineon Technologies AG, Am Campeon 1-15, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany
Andreas Jossen: Institute for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Arcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich, Germany

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 7, 1-26

Abstract: As electric vehicles are gaining increasing worldwide interest, advances in driving range and safety become critical. Modern automotive battery management systems (BMS) compete with challenging performance and safety requirements and need to monitor a large amount of battery parameters. In this paper, we propose power line communications (PLC) for high voltage (HV) traction batteries to reduce the BMS wiring effort. By modeling a small-scale battery pack for frequencies up to 300 MHz, we predict the PLC channel transfer characteristics and validate the results using a PLC hardware demonstrator employing a narrowband single-carrier modulation. The results demonstrate that battery PLC is a demanding task due to low access impedances and cell coupling effects, yet transfer characteristics can be improved by optimal impedance matching. PLC for HV BMS not only saves weight and cost, but also improves flexibility in BMS design. PLC enables single-cell monitoring techniques such as online electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) without additional wiring. Online EIS can be used for in-situ state and temperature estimation saving extra sensors. This work unveils possible coexistence issues between PLC and battery monitoring. In particular, we demonstrate that certain PLC data or packet rates have to be avoided not to interfere with EIS measurements.

Keywords: battery management systems; lithium-ion battery; electric vehicles; power line communications; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; physical layer model; coexistence study (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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