Developing Digital Economy and Society in the Light of the Issue of Digital Convergence of the Markets in the European Union Countries

Ryszard Borowiecki, Barbara Siuta-Tokarska, Jolanta Maroń, Marcin Suder, Agnieszka Thier and Katarzyna Żmija
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Ryszard Borowiecki: WSB University in Dąbrowa Górnicza, 41-300 Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland
Barbara Siuta-Tokarska: Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Institute of Management, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Krakow, Poland
Jolanta Maroń: Department of International Management, Institute of Management, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Krakow, Poland
Marcin Suder: Department of Applications of Mathematics in Economics, Faculty of Management, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-067 Krakow, Poland
Agnieszka Thier: Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Institute of Management, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Krakow, Poland
Katarzyna Żmija: Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Institute of Management, Cracow University of Economics, 31-510 Krakow, Poland

Energies, 2021, vol. 14, issue 9, 1-26

Abstract: The main objective of the paper is to present the development of digital economy and society in the Countries of the European Union in the light of the digital convergence of these markets. The analysis was based on the data on the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) from 2015 and 2020. Empirical studies have been conducted in two stages. First, basic measures of time series dynamics were used to determine the dynamics of changes in index values. On the other hand, in order to classify countries in terms of similarity of value and structure of the DESI, a cluster analysis was used as one of the basic methods of the so-called unsupervised statistical grouping. The studies presented confirm that the levels of indicators and the dynamics of changes in their value at the level of the synthetic DESI indicator, and in the five underlying areas of analysis, vary despite the fact that almost all are pro-growth, including for isolated clusters of EU-28 countries. When analyzing the DESI synthetic index and its components, it was concluded that there is generally an increase in convergence between the EU-28 countries in terms of the level of development of the digital economy and society, as well as in four components: Connectivity, Human Capital, Use of Internet Services and Digital Public Services. The Integration of Digital Technology area was the only one where increasing polarization of results was observed. The added value of the paper is to fill the research gap in research on the digital convergence of markets in the Countries of the European Union.

Keywords: convergence; digitalization; clusters; DESI (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (18)

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