Analysis of Fire Hazards Associated with the Operation of Electric Vehicles in Enclosed Structures

Adam Dorsz and Mirosław Lewandowski
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Adam Dorsz: Power Engineering Institute, Doctoral School nr 4, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Mirosław Lewandowski: Electric Traction Division, Power Engineering Institute, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland

Energies, 2021, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-23

Abstract: The article discusses the analysis of the possible development of hazards associated with the operation of vehicles equipped with an electric drive using the example of passenger cars. The authors review the problem of the safety of people and property resulting from the occurrence of a fire in an electric passenger car, in the context of fires that have occurred in recent years. Particular attention was paid to the analysis of the state of knowledge concerning the characteristics of the fire progression in an electric car, its heat release rate curve [HRR], total heat release [THR], heat of combustion and factors affecting the fire progression. In this paper, an attempt was made to compare the fire characteristics of an electric car and a passenger car equipped with an internal combustion engine together with an estimation, using CFD simulations, of the impact on the safety of people and property in closed structures such as underground garages or road tunnels. The need for further development of research on electric cars equipped with large lithium-ion batteries in the context of their fire safety is indicated. The authors pay attention to the insufficient amount of data available to understand the fire characteristics of modern electric cars, which would enable the appropriate design of fire safety systems in building structures.

Keywords: electric vehicles fires; lithium-ion batteries; thermal runaway; evacuation and fire service safety; CFD fire simulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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