Equivalent Model of Photovoltaic Power Station Considering Different Generation Units’ Fault Current Contributions

Sumei Liu, Hao Zhang, Peng Zhang, Zhongqing Li and Zepeng Wang
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Sumei Liu: School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Hao Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Safety and Energy Conservation, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China
Peng Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Zhongqing Li: State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Safety and Energy Conservation, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China
Zepeng Wang: School of Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Energies, 2021, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: The fault current calculation model of photovoltaic (PV) power stations is usually treated as a capacity weighted equivalent model of a single PV generation unit (PVGU). However, in the same PV power station, different PVGUs have various fault current characteristics. As a result, there are significant differences in fault current characteristics between a PVGU and a PV power station. It means that the existing capacity weighted equivalent model cannot be used for accurately describing the fault current contributions from a practical PV power station. In this paper, the fault behaviors of the PVGUs located at different access points of a PV power station are firstly analyzed. The difference in PVGUs’ fault current contributions is identified and reflected with the activation states of current limiters that are employed for PV inverters. The activation states are represented by a theoretical expression so as to distinguish the PVGUs’ fault contributions. Further, based on the proposed theoretical expression, a novel algorithm is developed for sorting all PVGUs included in a PV power station. The multi-machine calculation model is deduced in order to exactly express the fault current contribution from a PV station. Finally, some simulation tests are conducted. The tested results verify the effectiveness of the proposed calculation model. It can provide support for calculating the protection setting of power grid connected with large-scale PV stations.

Keywords: photovoltaic station; fault current contribution; fault response difference; fault analysis; protection setting calculation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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