Predictive Control-Based NADIR-Minimizing Algorithm for Solid-State Transformer

Carlos Fuentes, Hector Chavez and Mario R. Arrieta Paternina
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Carlos Fuentes: Departamento de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Estación Central, Santiago 9170020, Chile
Hector Chavez: Departamento de Ingenieria Electrica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Estación Central, Santiago 9170020, Chile
Mario R. Arrieta Paternina: Departamento de Energía Eléctrica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico

Energies, 2021, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Solid-state transformers (SSTs) are becoming an important solution to control active distribution systems. Their significant flexibility in comparison with traditional magnetic transformers is essential to ensure power quality and protection coordination at the distribution level in scenarios of large penetration of distributed energy resources such as renewables, electric vehicles and energy storage. However, the power electronic interface of SSTs decouples the nature of the inertial and frequency responses of distribution loads, deteriorating the frequency stability, especially under the integration of large-scale solar and wind power plants. Despite the virtual inertia/voltage sensitivity-based algorithms that have been proposed, the frequency sensitivity of loads and the capability of guaranteeing optimal control, considering the operating restrictions, have been overlooked. To counteract this specific issue, this work proposes a predictive control-driven approach to provide SSTs with frequency response actions by a strategy that harnesses the voltage and frequency sensibility of distribution loads and considers the limitations of voltage and frequency given by grid codes at distribution grids. In particular, the control strategy is centered in minimizing the NADIR of frequency transients. Numerical results are attained employing an empirically-validated model of the power system frequency dynamics and a dynamic model of distribution loads. Through proportional frequency control, the results of the proposed algorithm are contrasted. It is demonstrated that the NADIR improved about 0.1 Hz for 30% of SST penetration.

Keywords: solid-state transformer; predictive control; NADIR; frequency stability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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