Benchmarking of Single-Stage and Two-Stage Approaches for an MMC-Based BESS

Jonathan Hunder Dutra Gherard Pinto, William Caires Silva Amorim, Allan Fagner Cupertino, Heverton Augusto Pereira and Seleme Isaac Seleme Junior
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Jonathan Hunder Dutra Gherard Pinto: Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
William Caires Silva Amorim: Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil
Allan Fagner Cupertino: Department of Materials Engineering, Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30421-169, MG, Brazil
Heverton Augusto Pereira: Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil
Seleme Isaac Seleme Junior: Department of Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 10, 1-24

Abstract: Modular multilevel converter-based battery energy storage systems (MMC-based BESS) can play an important role when applied to power systems, for example, stabilizing and improving power quality. The integration of batteries in an MMC is usually performed in two ways: single-stage (SS) and two-stage (TS) (i.e., with dc/dc converter). Different references discuss the control strategies, sizing methodologies, and the advantages/drawbacks of these approaches. However, a deep comparison of these topologies is still missing in the literature. Thus, benchmarking SS and TS approaches is provided in this work. The battery current spectrum, the battery lifetime, the converter power losses, and the total costs are evaluated for both approaches. In addition, energy oversizing due to rounding is an important figure of merit since batteries account for a large amount of the costs. The case study is evaluated considering commercial battery racks (standard solution) and battery cells (customized solution). For the case studies, different insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) models and states of charge ( SOC ) ranges are considered. The system under review is a 10.9 MVA/5.76 MWh connected to a 13.8 kV power system. This system aims to perform a time-shift for an industry. In an analysis to optimize the costs of a project that evaluates several variables, the best configuration option is found in the most balanced option. In this sense, when balancing costs in project sizing, power losses, and battery replacement, the optimal design is the SS approach in the customized solution.

Keywords: battery energy storage system; cost optimization; energy time-shift; MMC-based BESS (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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