A Framework to Analyze the Requirements of a Multiport Megawatt-Level Charging Station for Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicles

Partha Mishra, Eric Miller, Shriram Santhanagopalan, Kevin Bennion and Andrew Meintz
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Partha Mishra: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Eric Miller: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Shriram Santhanagopalan: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Kevin Bennion: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Andrew Meintz: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 10, 1-18

Abstract: Widespread adoption of heavy-duty (HD) electric vehicles (EVs) will soon necessitate the use of megawatt (MW)-scale charging stations to charge high-capacity HD EV battery packs. Such a station design needs to anticipate possible station traffic, average and peak power demand, and charging/wait time targets to improve throughput and maximize revenue-generating operations. High-power direct current charging is an attractive candidate for MW-scale charging stations at the time of this study, but there are no precedents for such a station design for HD vehicles. We present a modeling and data analysis framework to elucidate the dependencies of a MW-scale station operation on vehicle traffic data and station design parameters and how that impacts vehicle electrification. This framework integrates an agent-based charging station model with vehicle schedules obtained through real-world vehicle telemetry data analysis to explore the station design and operation space. A case study applies this framework to a Class 8 vehicle telemetry dataset and uses Monte Carlo simulations to explore various design considerations for MW-scale charging stations and EV battery technologies. The results show a direct correlation between optimal charging station placement and major traffic corridors such as cities with ports, e.g., Los Angeles and Oakland. Corresponding parametric sweeps reveal that while good quality of service can be achieved with a mix of 1.2-megawatt and 100-kilowatt chargers, the resultant fast charging time of 35–40 min will need higher charging power to reach parity with refueling times.

Keywords: heavy-duty electric vehicles; batteries; charging infrastructure; station design; vehicle telemetry; charging load (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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