Network Architecture for IEC61850-90-5 Communication: Case Study of Evaluating R-GOOSE over 5G for Communication-Based Protection

Peyman Jafary, Antti Supponen and Sami Repo
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Peyman Jafary: Laboratory of Electrical Energy Engineering, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland
Antti Supponen: Laboratory of Electrical Energy Engineering, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland
Sami Repo: Laboratory of Electrical Energy Engineering, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 11, 1-36

Abstract: The smart grid includes wide-area applications in which inter-substation communication is required to realize innovative monitoring, protection, and control solutions. Internet-based data exchange, i.e., communication over Internet Protocol (IP), is regarded as the latest trend for inter-substation communication. Interoperability can be achieved via the use of standardized IEC 61850-90-5 messages communicating over IP. Wide-area applications can obtain benefits from IP-multicast technologies and use a one-to-many communication model among substations communicating across a communication network. Cellular Internet is being considered as a potential cost-efficient solution which can be used for the IP-multicast communication. However, it requires knowledge of communicating uncommon IP-multicast traffic over the Internet. Moreover, it presents challenges in terms of cybersecurity and real-time requirements. These challenges must be overcome to realize authentic and correct operation of the wide-area applications. There is thus a need to examine communication security and to evaluate if the communication network characteristics satisfy the application real-time requirement. This paper investigates the secure communication of IEC61850-90-5 multicast messages over the public communication network and proposes two network architectures using the Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel and multipoint GRE (mGRE) within Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN). Additionally, this paper evaluates the feasibility of cellular (5G and 4G) Internet for the communication of multicast Routable Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (R-GOOSE) messages in wide-area protection applications. For this purpose, we introduce a lab setup to experiment the transmission of R-GOOSE messages within the proposed network architectures. The lab setup contains both software and hardware components. A software application is developed to publish multicast R-GOOSE with a fresh timestamp acquired from time synchronization equipment. These messages are transmitted over the Internet by computer networking devices that support cellular communication. The communication latency of the transmitted messages is measured and analyzed statistically. The statistical analysis results are discussed to evaluate performance of R-GOOSE over cellular Internet for two communication-based protection applications: Logic Selectivity and Loss-of-Main protection schemes.

Keywords: R-GOOSE; IEC61850-90-5 multicast over Internet; IP-multicast; inter-substation communication; smart grid (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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