The Impact of Environmental Taxes on the Level of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Poland and Sweden

Aurelia Rybak, Jarosław Joostberens, Anna Manowska and Joachim Pielot
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Aurelia Rybak: Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Automation, Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2 Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Jarosław Joostberens: Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Automation, Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2 Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Anna Manowska: Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Automation, Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2 Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Joachim Pielot: Department of Electrical Engineering and Industrial Automation, Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2 Street, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 12, 1-15

Abstract: The research presented in the article was aimed at verifying the effectiveness of environmental taxes in reducing the level of greenhouse gas emissions. For this purpose, data provided by Eurostat in the environmental taxes category were used. They were treated as explanatory variables. Data were entered into the ARMAX models built by the authors. The dependent variable was the emission of two greenhouse gases covered by the research, namely carbon dioxide and methane. The research was carried out in Poland, for which the results obtained for Sweden were used as the benchmark. The built models made it possible to verify the relationship between environmental taxes in the categories of energy, transport, pollution, resources, and the level of CO 2 and CH 4 emissions. The nature of the explanatory variable was also examined. Environmental taxes can fulfill a fiscal, incentive, and redistributive function. The conducted research shows that these taxes, in fact, fulfill mainly a fiscal function, while redistributive and incentive functions are insufficient. It was also observed that the direction and strength of the impact of taxes differ depending on the greenhouse gas.

Keywords: GIS; ARMAX model; environmental taxes; greenhouse gas emissions (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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