Tower Models for Power Systems Transients: A Review

Erika Stracqualursi, Giuseppe Pelliccione, Salvatore Celozzi and Rodolfo Araneo
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Erika Stracqualursi: DIAEE—Electrical Engineering Division, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
Giuseppe Pelliccione: TERNA S.p.A., Viale Egidio Galbani 70, 00156 Rome, Italy
Salvatore Celozzi: DIAEE—Electrical Engineering Division, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
Rodolfo Araneo: DIAEE—Electrical Engineering Division, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 13, 1-40

Abstract: Fast-front transients play an important role in the insulation design of any power system. When a stroke hits the shield wire or the tower of high-voltage overhead power lines, flashover may occur either along the span or across tower insulators, depending on the relevant voltages and insulation strength. As a result, backflashover may take place from the tower structure to the phase conductor whenever a huge impulse current flows along the tower towards considerably high footing impedances. For these reasons, tower modeling for transients studies is an important step in the insulation design, and also for lower voltage applications, where indirect lightning effects may play a predominant role. However, after decades of research on tower modeling, starting from the 1930s with the first model proposed by Jordan, no consensus has been reached neither on a widely accepted tower model nor on the quantitative effect of the tower models on insulation design. Moreover, the fundamental mechanisms at the base of the transient response of towers and the definition of some fundamental parameters have not been totally clarified yet. The aim of this review is to present the available tower models developed through the years in the power community, focussing mainly on lumped/distributed circuit models, and to help the reader to obtain a deeper understanding of them.

Keywords: power system transients; tower model; tower surge impedance; transmission lines (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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