Sizing of an Island Standalone Hybrid System Considering Economic and Environmental Parameters: A Case Study

Tamal Chowdhury, Samiul Hasan, Hemal Chowdhury, Abul Hasnat, Ahmad Rashedi (), M. R. M. Asyraf, Mohamad Zaki Hassan and Sadiq M. Sait
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Tamal Chowdhury: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology (CUET), Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh
Samiul Hasan: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology (CUET), Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh
Hemal Chowdhury: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology (CUET), Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh
Abul Hasnat: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology (CUET), Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh
Ahmad Rashedi: College of Engineering, IT& Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia
M. R. M. Asyraf: Engineering Design Research Group (EDRG), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
Mohamad Zaki Hassan: Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia
Sadiq M. Sait: Center for Communications and IT Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 16, 1-22

Abstract: Due to the significance of environmental aspects, the modeling of hybrid systems should be performed with the lowest cost and environmental pollution. Therefore, an effective and optimum sizing method can ensure acceptable performance. This paper implements a “technique for order performance by similarity to the ideal solution” (TOPSIS) method combined with the “analytic hierarchy process (AHP)” method to size a standalone system based on techno-economic parameters. For this reason, a survey was conducted to collect local load data on Monpura Island, located in Bhola, Bangladesh. Visible and design faults of the existing PV/diesel mini-grid have also been identified. Five alternative hybrid configurations have been considered as to evaluate the best optimum system. Two economic and one environmental criterion was used to size the system. Two experts specialized in energy systems evaluated the criteria and proposed the suitable system. Battery, wind and PV capital cost multipliers have been considered as to perform sensitivity analysis. According to techno-economic analysis and expert opinion, PV/biogas/wind has been found to be the most appropriate system among these configurations. The system has a cost of electricity (COE) of 0.691 (USD/kWh) and emits only 4.43 kg of CO 2 per year. The net present cost of the proposed system is 18% lower than the existing microgrid, and the model has lower emissions due to high renewable penetration. It was also found that integrating wind can significantly reduce battery capacity in the mini-grid. The proposed system consumes 34% less batteries than the existing system. Implementing this optimum system can result in greater benefit to the local people.

Keywords: solar mini-grid; biogas; rural electrification; off grid; hybrid energy system; multicriteria decision analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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