Hybrid Propulsion in SI Engines for New Generation Motorcycles: A Numerical-Experimental Approach to Assess Power Requirements and Emission Performance

Paolo Iodice (), Enrico Fornaro and Massimo Cardone
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Paolo Iodice: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
Enrico Fornaro: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
Massimo Cardone: Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 17, 1-13

Abstract: Worldwide mopeds and motorcycles are taking on a growing main role in private mobility with a direct impact on air pollution, particularly in urban contexts of many Asian and European countries. In a preceding experimental investigation, HC and CO emissions were measured in the exhaust of a last-generation motorcycle belonging to the Euro-3 legislative category. Since exhaust emissions and fuel consumption are very sensitive to variations in vehicles instantaneous speed and acceleration, in this research new experimental results are used to recognize the kinematic parameters that cause higher engine-out emissions. In this paper, the hybrid electric propulsion is proposed for motorcycle application to reduce exhaust emissions in particular driving conditions which include high levels of acceleration with resultant rapid steep increase in engine speed. In such operating conditions, an enrichment of the air/fuel mixture is required, which affects the catalyst conversion efficiency. Subsequently, the power requirements and the grade of electrical assistance in such driving situations are calculated by a procedure based on both the measured exhaust emissions and the kinematic parameters of the driving dynamics collected during the experimental tests. Lastly, the share of CO and HC emissions that could be saved utilizing a hybrid motorcycle instead of a conventional thermal motorcycle is estimated through a specific environmental analysis.

Keywords: renewable energy; hybrid propulsion; carbon monoxide; unburned hydrocarbons; SI engines (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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