Type-B Energy Process: Asymmetric Function-Gated Isothermal Electricity Production

James Weifu Lee ()
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James Weifu Lee: Lee Research Office, 904 Lingale Arch, Chesapeake, VA 23322, USA

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 19, 1-33

Abstract: Recently, we identified two types (A and B) of energy processes that naturally occur on Earth. Type-A energetic process such as the classical heat engines follows well the thermodynamic second law; Type-B energy process follows the first law of thermodynamics, but does not have to be constrained by the second law, owning to its special asymmetric function. The identification of type-B process inspired a novel invention on isothermal electricity production through an asymmetric function-gated power generation system. This article highlights the fundamental embodiments, scientific principles, and physics equations for the asymmetric function-gated isothermal electricity generator that comprises an exceptionally low electron-work-function surface as an isothermal electron emitter and a space gap that permits the isothermally emitted electrons to travel ballistically to a collector. The physics equations for the density of isothermal electricity current, voltage and power all clearly show that the type-B energy technology can isothermally utilize the limitless environmental heat energy to generate electricity power as long as the electron-work function of the emitter W F e is substantially lower than that of the collector W F c . It has the potential capability to forever energize many electronic devices such as mobile phones and laptops, which is of great scientific and practical importance.

Keywords: type-B energetic process; energy renewal; asymmetric electron-work-function-gated isothermal electricity production; asymmetric electron-gating function; isothermal electricity generation; isothermal environmental heat energy utilization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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