Analysis of Requirements for Achieving Carbon Neutrality in a Cold Dense City Using GIS

Osawa Hisato (), Taro Mori, Kouichi Shinagawa, Satoshi Nakayama, Hayato Hosobuchi and Emad Mushtaha
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Osawa Hisato: Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kitaku-Kita 13, Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
Taro Mori: Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kitaku-Kita 13, Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
Kouichi Shinagawa: Nihon Sekkei, Inc., 6-5-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-1329, Japan
Satoshi Nakayama: Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi 700-0005, Japan
Hayato Hosobuchi: Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa Cho, Toyota 470-0392, Japan
Emad Mushtaha: Department of Architectural Engineering, College of Enginerring, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 19, 1-24

Abstract: Photovoltaics (PV) can make a significant contribution to achieving carbon neutrality in buildings. Geographic information systems (GIS) make it easy to model cities and simulate PV with high accuracy. However, the computational burden from 3D urban models remains high. In this study, the complex geometry of a city was represented in 2D images, and we propose a method for performing multiple PV simulations in a short amount of time by using these 2D images. The ratio of electricity generation to primary energy consumption ( E G / E ) was calculated for 415 office buildings in Sapporo, Japan, and conditions for achieving carbon neutrality in these buildings were explored. For buildings with a small gross floor area, E G / E can be higher than one, and carbon neutrality can be achieved by improving the performance of the exterior walls and windows and by increasing the area of the PV installed. However, to improve E G / E in buildings with a large gross floor area, it is necessary to consider improving the performance of the equipment used and the efficient operation of the HVAC system. The method is useful for considering ways to achieve carbon neutrality in various cities.

Keywords: carbon neutrality; GIS; orthographic image; PV; sky view factor; ZEB (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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