Energy Harvesting in Implantable and Wearable Medical Devices for Enduring Precision Healthcare

Md Maruf Hossain Shuvo (), Twisha Titirsha, Nazmul Amin and Syed Kamrul Islam ()
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Md Maruf Hossain Shuvo: Analog/Mixed Signal VLSI and Devices Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Twisha Titirsha: Analog/Mixed Signal VLSI and Devices Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Nazmul Amin: Analog/Mixed Signal VLSI and Devices Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Syed Kamrul Islam: Analog/Mixed Signal VLSI and Devices Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 20, 1-50

Abstract: Modern healthcare is transforming from hospital-centric to individual-centric systems. Emerging implantable and wearable medical (IWM) devices are integral parts of enabling affordable and accessible healthcare. Early disease diagnosis and preventive measures are possible by continuously monitoring clinically significant physiological parameters. However, most IWM devices are battery-operated, requiring replacement, which interrupts the proper functioning of these devices. For the continuous operation of medical devices for an extended period of time, supplying uninterrupted energy is crucial. A sustainable and health-compatible energy supply will ensure the high-performance real-time functioning of IWM devices and prolong their lifetime. Therefore, harvesting energy from the human body and ambient environment is necessary for enduring precision healthcare and maximizing user comfort. Energy harvesters convert energy from various sources into an equivalent electrical form. This paper presents a state-of-the-art comprehensive review of energy harvesting techniques focusing on medical applications. Various energy harvesting approaches, working principles, and the current state are discussed. In addition, the advantages and limitations of different methods are analyzed and existing challenges and prospects for improvement are outlined. This paper will help with understanding the energy harvesting technologies for the development of high-efficiency, reliable, robust, and battery-free portable medical devices.

Keywords: biocompatibility; energy harvesting; health monitoring; medical implants; maximum power point tracking; precision medicine; wireless power transfer; wearable sensors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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