Real-Time Measurements of Formaldehyde Emissions from Modern Vehicles

Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa (), Tommaso Selleri, Roberto Gioria, Anastasios D. Melas, Christian Ferrarese, Jacopo Franzetti, Bertold Arlitt, Naoki Nagura, Takaaki Hanada and Barouch Giechaskiel
Additional contact information
Ricardo Suarez-Bertoa: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Tommaso Selleri: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Roberto Gioria: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Anastasios D. Melas: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Christian Ferrarese: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Jacopo Franzetti: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
Bertold Arlitt: AVL Emission Test Systems GmbH, 76571 Gaggenau, Germany
Naoki Nagura: HORIBA Ltd., Shiga 520-0102, Japan
Takaaki Hanada: HORIBA Ltd., Shiga 520-0102, Japan
Barouch Giechaskiel: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 20, 1-12

Abstract: Formaldehyde (HCHO), a carcinogenic carbonyl compound and precursor of tropospheric ozone, can be found in vehicle exhaust. Even though the continuous monitoring of HCHO has been recommended, the real-world emissions from the road transport sector are not commonly available. The main reason for this knowledge gap has been the difficulty to measure HCHO in real-time and during real-world testing. This, for instance, increases the uncertainty of the O 3 simulated by air quality models. The present study investigates real-time HCHO measurements comparing three Fourier Transform InfraRed spectrometers (FTIRs) and one Quantum Cascade Laser InfraRed spectrometer (QCL-IR) directly sampling from the exhaust of one gasoline passenger car, one Diesel commercial vehicle and one Diesel heavy-duty vehicle, all meeting recent European emission standards (Euro 6/VI). Non-negligible emissions of HCHO were measured from the Diesel light-duty vehicle, with emissions increasing as temperature decreased. Relatively low emissions were measured for the gasoline car and the Diesel heavy-duty vehicle. The results showed a good correlation between the different instruments under all the conditions tested (in most cases R 2 > 0.9). Moreover, it was shown that HCHO can be accurately measured during on-road and real-world-like tests using instruments based on FTIR and QCL-IR technologies.

Keywords: transport emissions; HCHO; FTIR; QCL-IR; on-road testing; laboratory testing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/20/7680/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/20/7680/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:20:p:7680-:d:945770

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().