Energy Management System for Grid-Connected Nanogrid during COVID-19

Saif Jamal (), Jagadeesh Pasupuleti (), Nur Azzammudin Rahmat and Nadia M. L. Tan
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Saif Jamal: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Jagadeesh Pasupuleti: Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Nur Azzammudin Rahmat: Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga National, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Nadia M. L. Tan: Key Laboratory of More Electric Aircraft Technology of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 20, 1-20

Abstract: An effective energy management system (EMS) was designed based on the Stateflow (SF) approach for a grid-connected nanogrid (NG) composed of a photovoltaic (PV) array with a battery bank and supercapacitor (SC) energy storage system (ESS). The PV energy system, battery bank and SC (ESS), dual active bridge DC/DC converters, DC/AC inverters, control algorithms, and controllers were developed to test the operation of the NG. The average and high-frequency power components are separated using frequency division of the ESS power utilizing a low-pass filter; the average power is absorbed by the battery bank, while the high-frequency power is absorbed by the SC. The aim of this paper is to design an EMS to manage the energy of a grid-connected NG system considering the availability of the PV array, ESS, and demand requirements. Different scenarios of operation were tested to check the EMS behaviour during the day with a random demand profile, including: (1) a PV array with the grid supplying the load without an EMS; (2) a PV array, batteries, and the grid supplying the load with an EMS; (3) a PV array, batteries, an SC, and the grid supplying the load with an EMS; (4) a PV array, batteries, an SC, and the grid supplying the load with an EMS, with load profile reduction by 20% due to COVID-19. As per the simulation results, the proposed EMS enables the flow of power in the NG system and demonstrates the impact on the ESS by minimising carbon emissions via a reduction in grid consumption. Furthermore, the SF method is regarded as a helpful alternative to popular design approaches employing conventional software tools.

Keywords: nanogrid; energy management system; Stateflow; photovoltaic; energy storage system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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