Structural Evolution and Enhanced Piezoelectric Activity in Novel Lead-Free BaTiO 3 -Ca(Sn 1/2 Zr 1/2 )O 3 Solid Solutions

Ke Zhang, Pan Gao (), Chang Liu (), Xin Chen, Xinye Huang, Yongping Pu and Zenghui Liu ()
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Ke Zhang: School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Pan Gao: School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Chang Liu: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Xin Chen: School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Xinye Huang: School of Electronic Information and Artificial Intelligence, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Yongping Pu: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
Zenghui Liu: Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 20, 1-11

Abstract: In this study, a series of solid solutions of (1− x )BaTiO 3 - x Ca(Sn 1/2 Zr 1/2 )O 3 (abbreviated as (1− x )BT- x CSZ, x = 0.00–0.15) ceramics have been prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method to search for high performance lead-free piezoelectric materials. The structural evolution, microstructure, and piezoelectric properties are investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the phase symmetry strongly depends on the CSZ content. A tetragonal phase is well-maintained in the compositions of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.03, and coexistence of tetragonal and cubic phases is obtained in the range of x = 0.06–0.09, beyond which a pure cubic phase becomes stable. More importantly, a significantly enhanced piezoelectric coefficient of d 33 = 388 ± 9 pC/N is attained in the composition of x = 0.06 in the MPB region, where a tetragonal ferroelectric phase and an ergodic relaxor phase with average cubic symmetry coexist. Based on the analysis of crystal structure and dielectric properties, a temperature-composition phase diagram consisting of four phase regions is established. This study indicates that the lead-free BT-CSZ binary system has great potential for use in electromechanical transducer applications.

Keywords: BT-based solid solutions; piezoelectric property; morphotropic phase boundary (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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