Microwave-Absorbing Catalysts in Catalytic Reactions of Biofuel Production

Shir Reen Chia (), Saifuddin Nomanbhay (), Jassinnee Milano, Kit Wayne Chew, Chung-Hong Tan and Kuan Shiong Khoo
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Shir Reen Chia: Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Saifuddin Nomanbhay: Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Jassinnee Milano: Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Kit Wayne Chew: School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
Chung-Hong Tan: Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
Kuan Shiong Khoo: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 320315, Taiwan

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 21, 1-26

Abstract: Catalytic reactions in producing biofuels often face issues such as low product yield, low selectivity to preferred products and serious environmental issues which leads to the exploration of green technologies. Microwave technology is one of the green technologies that is widely applied in the field such as medical, food, signal processing or navigation, and has been reviewed for its potential in the catalytic reactions for biofuel production. With the application of microwave technology, its unique heating mechanism consists of magnetic field energy and electric field energy that enables the selective heating of materials, allowing rapid reaction and enhancement of catalytic performance of catalysts. In general, this review has discussed on the fundamentals and mechanisms of microwave technology with an in-depth discussion on the application of microwave-absorbing catalysts for biofuel production, especially in ammonia synthesis, bio-oil and 5-HMF production as well as methanation. Lastly, the challenges and future prospect of microwave-absorbing catalysts are included as well.

Keywords: microwave-absorbing; microwave technology; catalytic reactions; green technology; catalysts synthesis; bioenergy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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