Enviro-Economic Assessment of HHO–CNG Mixture Utilization in Spark Ignition Engine for Performance and Environmental Sustainability

Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Ali Ijaz Malik, Rehmat Bashir, Fahid Riaz, Muhammad Juniad Raza, Khubaib Suleman, Abd-ul Rehman, Waqar Muhammad Ashraf () and Jaroslaw Krzywanski ()
Additional contact information
Muhammad Usman: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, GT Road, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Muhammad Ali Ijaz Malik: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, GT Road, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Rehmat Bashir: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, GT Road, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
Fahid Riaz: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
Muhammad Juniad Raza: Department of Mechanical Engineering, RCET University of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 43741, Pakistan
Khubaib Suleman: Department of Mechanical Engineering, RCET University of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 43741, Pakistan
Abd-ul Rehman: Department of Mechanical Engineering, RCET University of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 43741, Pakistan
Waqar Muhammad Ashraf: Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
Jaroslaw Krzywanski: Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 21, 1-15

Abstract: Road transportation has received the attention of researchers due to its higher carbon footprint. Alternative fuels present major advantages in terms of environmental sustainability. For this reason, an enviro-economic analysis of alternative fuels carries great significance. However, scarce attempts have been rendered in order to ascertain the impact of a hydroxy gas (HHO) and compressed natural gas (CNG) mixture on sustainable environmental development. The current study addresses this issue by employing an HHO–CNG mixture and gasoline in spark ignition (SI) engines for the purposes of performance and environmental pollutants measurement. Then, engine emission data were substituted for Weibull distribution in order to establish suitability for 50 and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The mixture outperformed gasoline in terms of brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and emission contents. On average, hydroxy gas with CNG produced 10.59% lower oxides of nitrogen (NO X ) comparative to gasoline. Finally, the enviro-economic analysis also turned out to be in favor of the hydroxy gas mixture owing to a saving of 36.14% in USD/year due to 27.87% lower production of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission.

Keywords: renewable fuels; SI engine; Weibull distribution; enviro-economic analysis; CO 2 abatement; global warming (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

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