Statistical Analysis of the Level of Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Countries of the European Union

Małgorzata Stec and Mariola Grzebyk ()
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Małgorzata Stec: Economics and Finance Institute, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
Mariola Grzebyk: Economics and Finance Institute, University of Rzeszów, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 21, 1-18

Abstract: Renewable energy sources (RES) are currently the main alternative to fossil fuels and are also seen as an important contributor to slowing down the dangerous climate change on our planet. Energy supplied from renewable sources can reduce the consumption of primary raw materials and reduce emissions of harmful substances that enter the atmosphere in the process of producing electricity and heat, having a negative impact on the environment. This paper provides a multivariate comparative analysis of EU countries in terms of the use of renewable energy. The empirical research used seven variables defining the complex phenomenon under study, collected for 27 EU countries between 2011 and 2020. The research method used was the dynamic version of the non-model method, with a normalisation method based on zero unitarisation. The results of the study confirm that there was a positive change in the use of renewable energy in most EU countries between 2011 and 2020. High levels of renewable energy use were displayed by the Scandinavian countries, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. In contrast, the least renewable energy use was seen in Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia.

Keywords: renewable energy; European Union; a multidimensional comparative analysis; synthetic measure; ranking; classification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

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