Quantification of the Impact of Solar Water Heating and Influence of Its Potential Utilization through Strategic Campaign: Case Study in Dimbaza, South Africa

Sinethemba Peter (), Njabulo Kambule, Stephen Tangwe and Kowiyou Yessoufou
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Sinethemba Peter: Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
Njabulo Kambule: Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
Stephen Tangwe: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Engineering, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
Kowiyou Yessoufou: Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 21, 1-14

Abstract: This paper ascertained the performance of the evacuated tube solar water heater (SWH) coupled with an auxiliary electric heater with reference to the replaced electric water heater with the same storage tank capacity (200 L) in a building. It also examines the influence of the uptake of the SWHs in the community due to different campaign methods. The study evaluated the performance of a 4 kW electric water heater and a 2 kW input SWH with an auxiliary electric heater, and quantified the annual energy and cost savings. A survey using questionnaires was conducted among 150 residences in Dimbaza based on the house representative’s perceptions to replace their electric water heaters with solar water heaters (based on the monetary saving inscribed on the solar water heaters, the sensitization of the target population on the environmental benefits of the solar water heaters and both the monetary savings and environmental benefits). The findings revealed that by replacing the electric water heater with the solar water heater with an auxiliary electric heater, the annual electricity savings due to hot water heating was 4408.99 kWh and the net present value payback period was 4.32 years. The desire of the household representatives to replace their existing electric water heaters with solar water heaters due to the campaign strategies increased from 75 to 126. This study is capable of providing a mechanism to increase the penetration of solar water heaters and justifying the techno-economic viability of solar water heaters.

Keywords: solar water heater; techno-economic viability; simple payback period; electricity savings; consumer behavior (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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