State of the Art of Desalination in Mexico

Juan Ríos-Arriola (), Nicolás Velázquez, Jesús Armando Aguilar-Jiménez (), Germán Eduardo Dévora-Isiordia, Cristian Ascención Cásares- de la Torre, José Armando Corona-Sánchez and Saúl Islas
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Juan Ríos-Arriola: Centro de Estudio de las Energías Renovables, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico
Nicolás Velázquez: Centro de Estudio de las Energías Renovables, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico
Jesús Armando Aguilar-Jiménez: Centro de Estudio de las Energías Renovables, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico
Germán Eduardo Dévora-Isiordia: Department of Water and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Calle 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Ciudad Obregón 85000, Mexico
Cristian Ascención Cásares- de la Torre: Centro de Estudio de las Energías Renovables, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico
José Armando Corona-Sánchez: Centro de Estudio de las Energías Renovables, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico
Saúl Islas: Centro de Estudio de las Energías Renovables, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21280, Mexico

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 22, 1-23

Abstract: This research paper presents a review of the state of the art of desalination in Mexico, with the aim of clarifying the main challenges and opportunity areas for desalination as the main solution to overcome water stress. First, the current situation and forecasts on the availability of water resources in Mexico are described, followed by the main economic, social, and legislative issues of desalination. Mexico’s installed capacity for the different desalination technologies and their evolution in recent years was investigated, followed by a comparison with global trends. The current state of research and development in desalination technologies carried out by Mexican institutions was also studied. The results show that membrane technology plants account for 88.85%, while thermal technology plants account for the remaining 11.15%. Although Mexico presented a 240% increase in its desalination capacity in the last 10 years, it has not been enough to overcome water stress, so it is concluded that in the future, it is necessary to increase its capacity in greater proportion, specifically in the areas with greater scarcity, which can be achieved with the joint participation of academy–industry–government through the creation of autonomous organizations, social programs, and/or public policies that promote it.

Keywords: desalination; developing countries; environmental impact (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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