Sustainable Hydrogen Production from Seawater Electrolysis: Through Fundamental Electrochemical Principles to the Most Recent Development

Gabriela Elena Badea (), Cristina Hora, Ioana Maior, Anca Cojocaru, Calin Secui, Sanda Monica Filip and Florin Ciprian Dan
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Gabriela Elena Badea: Faculty of Informatics and Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania
Cristina Hora: Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania
Ioana Maior: Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
Anca Cojocaru: Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
Calin Secui: Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania
Sanda Monica Filip: Faculty of Informatics and Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania
Florin Ciprian Dan: Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Str., 410087 Oradea, Romania

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 22, 1-31

Abstract: Among the many potential future energy sources, hydrogen stands out as particularly promising. Because it is a green and renewable chemical process, water electrolysis has earned much interest among the different hydrogen production techniques. Seawater is the most abundant source of water and the ideal and cheapest electrolyte. The first part of this review includes the description of the general theoretical concepts: chemical, physical, and electrochemical, that stands on the basis of water electrolysis. Due to the rapid development of new electrode materials and cell technology, research has focused on specific seawater electrolysis parameters: the cathodic evolution of hydrogen; the concurrent anodic evolution of oxygen and chlorine; specific seawater catalyst electrodes; and analytical methods to describe their catalytic activity and seawater electrolyzer efficiency. Once the specific objectives of seawater electrolysis have been established through the design and energy performance of the electrolyzer, the study further describes the newest challenges that an accessible facility for the electrochemical production of hydrogen as fuel from seawater must respond to for sustainable development: capitalizing on known and emerging technologies; protecting the environment; utilizing green, renewable energies as sources of electricity; and above all, economic efficiency as a whole.

Keywords: seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production; electrocatalyst; sustainability; emergent technologies; renewable energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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