Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydrogen Production Processes: Turquoise Hydrogen vs. Steam Methane Reforming

Gayatri Udaysinh Ingale, Hyun-Min Kwon, Soohwa Jeong, Dongho Park, Whidong Kim, Byeingryeol Bang, Young-Il Lim, Sung Won Kim, Youn-Bae Kang, Jungsoo Mun, Sunwoo Jun and Uendo Lee ()
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Gayatri Udaysinh Ingale: Green Process and Energy System Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
Hyun-Min Kwon: Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
Soohwa Jeong: Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
Dongho Park: Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
Whidong Kim: Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
Byeingryeol Bang: Carbon Neutral Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
Young-Il Lim: Center of Sustainable Process Engineering (CoSPE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Hankyoung National University, Anseong-si 17579, Republic of Korea
Sung Won Kim: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Republic of Korea
Youn-Bae Kang: Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Energy Materials Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
Jungsoo Mun: Institute of Technology, Lotte Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd., Seoul 06515, Republic of Korea
Sunwoo Jun: Carbon Neutral Research Institute, Samchully Co., Ltd., Osan-si 18102, Republic of Korea
Uendo Lee: Green Process and Energy System Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 22, 1-20

Abstract: Hydrogen has received substantial attention because of its diverse application in the energy sector. Steam methane reforming (SMR) dominates the current hydrogen production and is the least expensive endothermic reaction to produce grey hydrogen. This technology provides the advantages of low cost and high energy efficiency; however, it emits an enormous amount of CO 2 . Carbon capture storage (CCS) technology helps reduce these emissions by 47% to 53%, producing blue hydrogen. Methane pyrolysis is an alternative to SMR that produces (ideally) CO 2 -free turquoise hydrogen. In practice, methane pyrolysis reduces CO 2 emissions by 71% compared to grey hydrogen and 46% compared to blue hydrogen. While carbon dioxide emissions decrease with CCS, fugitive methane emissions (FMEs) for blue and turquoise hydrogen are higher than those for grey hydrogen because of the increased use of natural gas to power carbon capture. We undertake FMEs of 3.6% of natural gas consumption for individual processes. In this study, we also explore the utilization of biogas as a feedstock and additional Boudouard reactions for efficient utilization of solid carbon from methane pyrolysis and carbon dioxide from biogas. The present study focuses on possible ways to reduce overall emissions from turquoise hydrogen to provide solutions for a sustainable low-CO 2 energy source.

Keywords: methane pyrolysis; steam methane reforming (SMR); carbon capture and storage (CCS); turquoise hydrogen; fugitive emissions; biogas; Boudouard reaction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

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