Access to Deposits as a Stage of Mining Works

Krzysztof Skrzypkowski (), Krzysztof Zagórski, Anna Zagórska and Fhatuwani Sengani
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Krzysztof Skrzypkowski: Faculty of Civil Engineering and Resource Management, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Zagórski: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Anna Zagórska: Research Centre in Kraków, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Science, Senacka 1, 31-002 Kraków, Poland
Fhatuwani Sengani: Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 22, 1-16

Abstract: An extremely important role in the underground method of mining deposits is the type of access, which is the initial stage of the mining operations. The main feature of mineral deposits is their exhaustiveness and the inability to restore resources. This necessitates the rational management of deposit resources, especially the minimization of resource losses during exploitation. This article presents information on the mining area and methods of access the deposits. In particular, attention was paid to the advantages and disadvantages of access by means of an adit, decline, and a vertical and inclined shaft. Given the relationships among the various stages of mining works, it was found that the number of active levels depends on the volume of production and the adopted mining methods. In addition, attention was drawn to the fact that the access to deposits at increasing depth is related to the intensification of natural hazards that affect the access structure.

Keywords: mining area; access excavation; mining level; shaft; inclined shaft; decline; adit (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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