A Comprehensive Review on Advances in TiO 2 Nanotube (TNT)-Based Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction to Value-Added Products

Md. Arif Hossen, H. M. Solayman, Kah Hon Leong, Lan Ching Sim, Nurashikin Yaacof, Azrina Abd Aziz (), Wu Lihua and Minhaj Uddin Monir
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Md. Arif Hossen: Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
H. M. Solayman: Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
Kah Hon Leong: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Green Technology, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar 31900, Perak, Malaysia
Lan Ching Sim: Department of Chemical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43200, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurashikin Yaacof: Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
Azrina Abd Aziz: Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
Wu Lihua: Kuantan Sunny Scientific Collaboration Sdn. Bhd. Suites 7.23, 7th Floor, Imbi Plaza, Jalan Imbi, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia
Minhaj Uddin Monir: Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 22, 1-23

Abstract: The photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 into solar fuels by using semiconductor photocatalysts is one of the most promising approaches in terms of pollution control as well as renewable energy sources. One of the crucial challenges for the 21st century is the development of potential photocatalysts and techniques to improve CO 2 photoreduction efficiency. TiO 2 nanotubes (TNTs) have recently attracted a great deal of research attention for their potential to convert CO 2 into useful compounds. Researchers are concentrating more on CO 2 reduction due to the rising trend in CO 2 emissions and are striving to improve the rate of CO 2 photoreduction by modifying TNTs with the appropriate configuration. In order to portray the potential applications of TNTs, it is imperative to critically evaluate recent developments in synthesis and modification methodologies and their capability to transform CO 2 into value-added chemicals. The current review provides an insightful understanding of TNT production methods, surface modification strategies used to enhance CO 2 photoreduction, and major findings from previous research, thereby revealing research gaps and upcoming challenges. Stability, reusability, and the improved performance of TNT photocatalysts under visible light as well as the selection of optimized modification methods are the identified barriers for CO 2 photoreduction into valuable products. Higher rates of efficacy and product yield can be attained by synthesizing suitable photocatalysts with addressing the limitations of TNTs and designing an optimized photoreactor in terms of the proper utilization of photocatalysts, incident lights, and the partial pressure of reactants.

Keywords: CO 2 photoreduction; synthesis; modification; photocatalyst; hydrocarbon fuels (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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