Wind Energy on the High Seas: Regulatory Challenges for a Science Fiction Future

Ignacio Herrera Anchustegui () and Violeta S. Radovich
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Ignacio Herrera Anchustegui: Faculty of Law, Bergen Offshore Wind Centre, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
Violeta S. Radovich: CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Facultad de Derecho, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas y Sociales Ambrosio L. Gioja, UBA (Universidad de Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 23, 1-20

Abstract: This paper aims to study the current regulation and governance of wind energy turbines on the high seas and detect regulatory challenges. We focus on the existing regulatory framework to develop marine wind farms in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ), the nature of wind farms and wind turbines in said areas, and which governance schemes and institutions ought to coordinate and regulate any future marine wind energy development. Our research shows that under public international law, the deployment of wind turbines on (most parts of) the high seas for all States is possible, but many issues still remain, either thinly regulated or unanswered. We inquire where, by whom, and how can marine wind parks be built on the high seas according to public international law and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (the LOSC). Lastly, we evaluate the possible role of marine spatial planning (MSP) in developing wind energy on the high seas.

Keywords: high seas; wind energy; renewable energy; climate change; spatial planning; public international law (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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