Optimal Ultra-Local Model Control Integrated with Load Frequency Control of Renewable Energy Sources Based Microgrids

Abualkasim Bakeer (), Gaber Magdy (), Andrii Chub, Francisco Jurado and Mahmoud Rihan
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Abualkasim Bakeer: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81542, Egypt
Gaber Magdy: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
Andrii Chub: Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
Francisco Jurado: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Jaén, 23700 Linares, Spain
Mahmoud Rihan: Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena 83521, Egypt

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 23, 1-20

Abstract: Since renewable energy sources (RESs) have an intermittent nature, conventional secondary frequency control, i.e., load frequency control (LFC), cannot mitigate the effects of variations in system frequency. Thus, this paper proposes incorporating ultralocal model (ULM) control into LFC to enhance microgrid (µG) frequency stability. ULM controllers are regarded as model-free controllers that yield high rejection rates for disturbances caused by load/RES uncertainties. Typically, ULM parameters are set using trial-and-error methods, which makes it difficult to determine the optimal values that will provide the best system performance and stability. To address this issue, the African vultures optimization algorithm (AVOA) was applied to fine-tune the ULM parameters, thereby stabilizing the system frequency despite different disturbances. The proposed LFC controller was compared with the traditional secondary controller based on an integral controller to prove its superior performance. For several contingencies, the simulation results demonstrated that the proposed controller based on the optimal ULM coupled with LFC could significantly promote RESs into the µG.

Keywords: load frequency control (LFC); ultralocal model (ULM) control; African vultures optimization approach; high-penetration renewable energy sources (RESs); microgrid (µG) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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