Improved Operation and Stability of a Wind-Hydro Microgrid by Means of a Li-Ion Battery Energy Storage

Rafael Sebastián ()
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Rafael Sebastián: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering (DIEEC), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 23, 1-16

Abstract: This article presents an isolated microgrid which combines two renewable power generators: a Hydraulic-Turbine-Generator (HTG) and a Wind-Turbine-Generator (WTG) with a Li-ion battery-energy-storage (BES). Depending on the generator(s) which supply active power, the microgrid can operate in three modes: Hydro-Only (HO), Wind-Hydro (WH) and Wind-Only (WO). In WH mode, the HTG supplies the difference between the power demanded by the consumers and the power supplied by the WTG. This net demanded power can be negative when the WTG power is greater than the load and this situation can lead to a microgrid collapse. This article shows by means of simulations how the BES is controlled to consume the WTG power excess guaranteeing the microgrid stability. Additionally, when the negative net demanded load is persistent the microgrid must transition from WH mode to WO mode, where only the WTG supplies active power, and this WH-WO transition is also simulated. In the simulations in WO mode, the BES is controlled to regulate the microgrid frequency. The needed controls to command the BES in WH and WO modes and in the WH-WO transition are also explained. The simulations show the effectiveness of using the BES since the microgrid stability and reliability is improved.

Keywords: wind power; hydro power; battery energy storage; Li-ion battery; isolated microgrid; power systems modeling; power systems transients; power systems stability; PID control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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