Optimization of the Control of Electromagnetic Brakes in the Stand for Tuning Internal Combustion Engines Using ID Regulators of Fractional Order

Victor Busher, Vadim Zakharchenko, Anatoliy Shestaka, Valeriy Kuznetsov (), Vitalii Kuznetsov and Stanislaw Nader
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Victor Busher: Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, National University “Odessa Maritime Academy”, 8, Didrikhson Str., 65029 Odessa, Ukraine
Vadim Zakharchenko: Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, National University “Odessa Maritime Academy”, 8, Didrikhson Str., 65029 Odessa, Ukraine
Anatoliy Shestaka: Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, National University “Odessa Maritime Academy”, 8, Didrikhson Str., 65029 Odessa, Ukraine
Valeriy Kuznetsov: Railway Research Institute, Electric Power Department, 50 Chłopickiego Józefa Street, 04-275 Warsaw, Poland
Vitalii Kuznetsov: Department of Electrical Engineering, Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, 2 Lazaryana Str., 49010 Dnipro, Ukraine
Stanislaw Nader: Department of Production and Logistics, Warsaw Management University, St. Kaweczyńska 36, 03-772 Warsaw, Poland

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 24, 1-19

Abstract: This work is aimed at developing a stand for tuning the fuel system of an internal combustion engine based on two electromagnetic retarders connected to the driving wheels of a car to simulate a load, and a microprocessor-based torque control system for each brake. In accordance with the terms of reference from the specialists of the automotive service center, such a stand should provide two main modes of operation: (1) stabilization of the speed of the drive wheels in the entire range of loads (fuel supply); (2) engine acceleration and deceleration according to linear tachograms in the range from minimum to maximum speed to determine the dependence of engine power and torque on speed. The purpose of this research is the synthesis of controllers, testing, the choice of the structural scheme, and the parameters of the control and data processing system in the stand for the precision tuning of internal combustion engines. Based on a preliminary analysis of the system, taking into account the mechanical connection of the wheels through the main gear and the car differential, the nonlinear dependence of the electromagnetic torque on the current and retarder speed, and subsequent experimental results, we obtained two types of controller—a third-order aperiodic transfer function and a fractional aperiodic transfer function of order 1.6. This made it possible to synthesize a family of controllers that ensure the operation of the stand in the required modes: synchronization of wheel speeds during engine acceleration; stabilization of the reference speed when the engine torque is changed from minimum to maximum due to fuel supply; measurement of the maximum power and torque of the internal combustion engine during the formation of a triangular tachogram with a given acceleration to compensate for the dynamic component of the torque due to mechanical inertia. The system with the PID controller configured in MATLAB in the “Tune” package has the best performance, but the smallest overshoot and the best dynamic accuracy are ensured by the PIDI γ I µ fractional–integral controller, where the system is characterized by a fractional order of astaticism 1.6. Such a controller for each electromagnetic retarder serves as the basis of the microprocessor-based control, data acquisition, processing, graphical display system, and will also be used to develop a similar bench for tuning four-wheel-drive vehicles.

Keywords: dual electromagnetic retarders; PID controller; fractional order controller; internal combustion engine; microprocessor control system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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