An Approach to Performing Stability Analysis for Power Transformer Differential Protection: A Case Study

Muhammad Sheryar, Muhammad Ahsan Ali, Farhana Umer, Zeeshan Rashid, Muhammad Amjad, Zunaib Maqsood Haider () and Muhammad Omer Khan
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Muhammad Sheryar: Department of Electrical Testing and Commissioning, Mansour Al Mosaid Group, Jeddah 22312, Saudi Arabia
Muhammad Ahsan Ali: Department of Electrical Testing and Commissioning, Mansour Al Mosaid Group, Jeddah 22312, Saudi Arabia
Farhana Umer: Department of Electrical Engineering, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Zeeshan Rashid: Department of Electrical Engineering, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Muhammad Amjad: Department of Electronics Engineering, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Zunaib Maqsood Haider: Department of Electrical Engineering, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Muhammad Omer Khan: Department of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Riphah International University, Faisalabad 37000, Pakistan

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 24, 1-16

Abstract: Differential protection normally detects short circuits and ground faults in the windings of a power transformer and its terminals. Inter-turn faults refer to flashovers among the electrodes that arise only in a similar type of physical winding. Inter-turn faults can be examined when the adequate sum of turns is served as short-circuited. In electrical protection, it is difficult to detect inter-turn faults. An inter-turn fault of small magnitude is based on the limited number of turns that resultantly provide a large quantity of current. Due to this reason, protection that comes from the differential scenario possesses a higher degree of sensitivity without causing unwanted operations during external faults. In this paper, a protection-based stability method is proposed whereby external voltages are applied at the low-voltage (LV) side of the transformer while keeping the high-voltage (HV) side short-circuited. This was conducted using a three-phase power transformer (rating: 100 MVA, 380 kV/13.8 kV) at SWCC Shoaiba Power Plant, Saudi Arabia. In this work, differential protection (87T) and high-impedance differential protection for HV-restricted earth faults (REFs) were verified by creating In-Zone and Out-Zone fault conditions to ensure current transformer (CT) circuits and tripping logic. All of the IEDs, protection, and control schemes involved were designed by ABB. This method verifies protection stability for power transformers by implementing differential protection (87T) and high-impedance restricted earth fault (64HV) schemes through creating In-Zone and Out-Zone fault conditions.

Keywords: power transformer; protection reliability; power transformer protection sensitivity; differential protection; external fault; CT saturation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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