Recent Advances in Two-Phase Immersion Cooling with Surface Modifications for Thermal Management

Daehoon Kang, Jooyoung Lee, Anirban Chakraborty, Sang-Eui Lee, Gildong Kim and Choongho Yu
Additional contact information
Daehoon Kang: Propulsion System Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang 16105, Korea
Jooyoung Lee: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Anirban Chakraborty: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Sang-Eui Lee: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 08826, Korea
Gildong Kim: Propulsion System Research Department, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang 16105, Korea
Choongho Yu: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, 1-16

Abstract: This paper reviews the major researchers of liquid, immersion, and two-phase cooling. Currently, liquids are used instead of air to cool the growing data centers. Immersion cooling shows a higher heat transfer coefficient than conventional cooling (<37 W/cm 2 ). Because the use of liquids with high global warming potentials is prohibited, the number of liquids that can be used is limited. This paper discusses the existing, relevant literature from researchers who have studied the issue at least thrice. The authors were divided into those who focused on the surface and those who formed a structure on the surface. In summary, the authors suggested the following research directions: The experimental conditions of porous foam are not diverse, and there is a concern about the separation of foam and coating into the tub. The experimental conditions of the immersion tub should also be varied according to the heat and pressure over time. Structure-level research shows higher performance than surface-level research, but an economic feasibility study is required.

Keywords: immersion cooling; porous foam; data center; pool boiling; surface enhancement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/1214/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/3/1214/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:1214-:d:743782

Access Statistics for this article

Energies is currently edited by Ms. Agatha Cao

More articles in Energies from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().