Dioxin Formation in Biomass Gasification: A Review

Aysan Safavi, Christiaan Richter and Runar Unnthorsson
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Aysan Safavi: School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-II, Hjardarhaga 6, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
Christiaan Richter: School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-II, Hjardarhaga 6, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
Runar Unnthorsson: School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-II, Hjardarhaga 6, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, 1-17

Abstract: The amount of PCDD/F emissions produced by gasification operations is often within standard limits set by national and international laws (<0.1 ng TEQ/Nm 3 ). However, a recent assessment of the literature indicates that gasification cannot always reduce PCDD/Fs emissions to acceptable levels, and thus a common belief on the replacement of incineration with gasification in order to reduce PCDD/Fs emissions seems overly simplistic. A review that summarizes the evidence on when gasification would likely result in environmentally benign emissions with PCDD/F below legal limits, and when not, would be of scientific and practical interest. Moreover, there are no reviews on dioxin formation in gasification. This review discusses the available data on the levels of dioxins formed by gasifying different waste streams, such as municipal solid wastes, plastics, wood waste, animal manure, and sewage sludge, from the existing experimental work. The PCDD/Fs formation in gasification and the operational parameters that can be controlled during the process to minimize PCDD/Fs formation are reviewed.

Keywords: biomass gasification; dibenzo-p-dioxins; dibenzofluorans; syngas (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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