Toward Quantum Secured Distributed Energy Resources: Adoption of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)

Jongmin Ahn, Hee-Yong Kwon, Bohyun Ahn, Kyuchan Park, Taesic Kim, Mun-Kyu Lee, Jinsan Kim and Jaehak Chung
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Jongmin Ahn: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea
Hee-Yong Kwon: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea
Bohyun Ahn: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, MSC 192, 700 University Blvd, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
Kyuchan Park: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea
Taesic Kim: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, MSC 192, 700 University Blvd, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
Mun-Kyu Lee: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea
Jinsan Kim: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea
Jaehak Chung: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, 1-20

Abstract: Quantum computing is a game-changing technology that affects modern cryptography and security systems including distributed energy resources (DERs) systems. Since the new quantum era is coming soon in 5–10 years, it is crucial to prepare and develop quantum-safe DER systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of vulnerabilities caused by quantum computing attacks, potential defense strategies, and remaining challenges for DER networks. First, new security vulnerabilities and attack models of the cyber-physical DER systems caused by quantum computing attacks are explored. Moreover, this paper introduces potential quantum attack defense strategies including Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), which can be applied to DER networks and evaluates defense strategies. Finally, remaining research opportunities and challenges for next-generation quantum-safe DER are discussed.

Keywords: distributed energy resources; post-quantum cryptography; quantum computing attack; quantum key distribution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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