Applications, Operational Architectures and Development of Virtual Power Plants as a Strategy to Facilitate the Integration of Distributed Energy Resources

Juan C. Sarmiento-Vintimilla, Esther Torres, Dunixe Marene Larruskain and María José Pérez-Molina
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Juan C. Sarmiento-Vintimilla: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
Esther Torres: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
Dunixe Marene Larruskain: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
María José Pérez-Molina: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 48013 Bilbao, Spain

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, 1-28

Abstract: In this article, we focus on the development and scope of virtual power plants (VPPs) as a strategy to facilitate the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) in the power system. Firstly, the concepts about VPPs and their scope and limitations are introduced. Secondly, smart management systems for the integration of DERs are considered and a scheme of DER management through a bottom-up strategy is proposed. Then, we analyze the coordination of VPPs with the system operators and their commercial integration in the electricity markets. Finally, the challenges that must be overcome to achieve the large-scale implementation of VPPs in the power system are identified and discussed.

Keywords: aggregator; distributed energy resources; electric market coordination; smart management system; smart grid; virtual power plant (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (9)

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