Numerical Simulations of Air Flow and Traffic–Related Air Pollution Distribution in a Real Urban Area

Mengge Zhou, Tingting Hu, Guoyi Jiang, Wenqi Zhang, Dan Wang and Pinhua Rao
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Mengge Zhou: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
Tingting Hu: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
Guoyi Jiang: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
Wenqi Zhang: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
Dan Wang: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
Pinhua Rao: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 3, 1-24

Abstract: With increasing urbanization, urban air pollutants are becoming more and more relevant to human health. Here, combined with meteorological observation data, a numerical simulation of typical urban blocks in Shanghai was carried out to understand the spread of air pollutants caused by road traffic sources (ground–level and viaduct–level). Firstly, we analyzed the wind environment characteristics. Then, we quantitatively analyzed the pollutant distribution profiles and the contributions of two pollutant sources (PSV). Finally, we analyzed seven urban morphological parameters based on ventilation efficiency indices. Results revealed the following. (1) Ventilation patterns within the architectural complex are determined by local geometry; (2) Pollutants released at ground level were dominant when the Z –plane < 8 m high, and pollutants released from the viaduct source were 0.8–6.1% higher when the Z –plane ≥ 8 m high; (3) From ground level to a height of 60 m, the spatially–averaged normalized concentration ( C *) tended to decrease gradually with distance from the source. C * increased irregularly with an increase in distance between 60 m and 86 m. Above 86 m, C * tended to increase linearly; (4) Vertical profiles of C * around buildings were building–specific, and their rate of change was inconsistent with height increases. In general, the correlations between C * and VR w , and between C * and KE turb were larger on the windward side of PSV upstream buildings than on the leeward side. Buildings downstream of the PSV showed the opposite situation; (5) At pedestrian level, the seven urban morphological parameters had no significant correlation with VR w , C ir *, and C zs *.

Keywords: CFD simulation; pollutant dispersion; urban ventilation; urban parameters; traffic pollutant (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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