Meranti ( Shorea sp.) Biochar Application Method on the Growth of Sengon ( Falcataria moluccana ) as a Solution of Phosphorus Crisis

Bangun Adi Wijaya, Wahyu Hidayat, Melya Riniarti, Hendra Prasetia, Ainin Niswati, Udin Hasanudin, Irwan Sukri Banuwa, Sangdo Kim, Sihyun Lee and Jiho Yoo
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Bangun Adi Wijaya: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia
Wahyu Hidayat: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia
Melya Riniarti: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia
Hendra Prasetia: National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gedung B.J. Habibie, Jakarta Pusat 10340, Indonesia
Ainin Niswati: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia
Udin Hasanudin: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia
Irwan Sukri Banuwa: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1, Bandar Lampung 35145, Indonesia
Sangdo Kim: Climate Change Research Division, Korean Institute of Energy Research, Daejon 34129, Korea
Sihyun Lee: Climate Change Research Division, Korean Institute of Energy Research, Daejon 34129, Korea
Jiho Yoo: Climate Change Research Division, Korean Institute of Energy Research, Daejon 34129, Korea

Energies, 2022, vol. 15, issue 6, 1-14

Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient mined from non-renewable sources. P is needed to stimulate trees growth in a forest plantation. P-fertilizer addition in the tropical forest field causes P-leaching flux to watershed and induces eutrophication. The high C contained in meranti ( Shorea sp.) biochar can avoid the P-leaching process in the soil with a strategic application method. However, the biochar application method is poorly examined. This research aimed to develop a biochar application method to sequestrate P from the environment and examine its effect on the growth of sengon ( Falcataria moluccana ). Shorea sp. biochar pyrolyzed at 400 °C and 600 °C were added at a dosage of 0 t ha ?1 , 25 t ha ?1 , and 50 t ha ?1 for six months in the field. The biochar was placed 20 cm under topsoil without soil mixing. This application method significantly increased total P in the soil without any P-fertilizer addition. The results showed that biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C and a dosage of 25 t ha ?1 increased the total P in the soil and CEC by 192.2 mg kg ?1 and 25.98 me 100 g ?1 , respectively. Biochar with a higher pyrolysis temperature increased higher soil pH. In contrast, the higher dosage increased organic-C higher than the lower dosage application. The most significant P-uptake, height, and diameter increments on F. moluccana were achieved using Shorea sp. biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C with a dosage of 25 t ha ?1 by 0.42 mg kg ?1 , 222 cm, and 2.75 cm, respectively. The total P in the soil positively correlated with the P-uptake of F . moluccana . Furthermore, using the biochar application method P could be absorbed to the biochar layer and desorbed to the topsoil. Consequently, the biochar application method together with P-fertilizer addition could increase the availability of P in the soil and decrease P-leaching to the environment.

Keywords: biochar; Falcataria moluccana; phosphorus; Shorea sp. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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